What are Polypos Colon?

Colon polyps are growths in the inner lining of the colon and are very common. Colon polyps are important because they can be, or they can become malignant (cancerous)

They are also important because they are based on their size, number and microscopic anatomy (histology) ; can predict which patients have More likely to develop more polyps and colon cancer. The changes in the genetic material of the cells lining the colon are the cause of polyps

There are different types of polyps in the colon with different tendencies to become malignant and capabilities to predict the development of more polyps and cancer. It is important to recognize families with members who have familial genetic conditions that cause polyps because some of these conditions are associated with a very high incidence of colon cancer, and the Cancer can be prevented or discovered early.

We speak of polyp when it is alone and polyposis when there is a set of polyps that can be grouped.
Colon polyps can be flattened shapes.

If they are raised, it is called "pediculated polyps".

The appearance of polyps in the colon is due to several factors.
The age or family history of polyps or colorectal cancer.
Some diseases, such as familial adenomatous polyposis or juvenile polyposis.
among others, they are associated with large amounts of polyps that require monitoring.
Whatever its origin, polyps in the colon can actually become cancer .

What causes colon polyps?

The cause of polyps in the colon is unknown, but it is believed that certain genetic characteristics and behaviors increase the individual risk of polyps in the colon.
Some colon polyps do not cause symptoms, while others cause blood in the stool, anal bleeding or constipation that lasts a week or more.

However, the risks of developing colon polyps include have a family history of them, a history of ovarian or uterine cancer, have a high-fat, low-fiber diet and be 50 years of age or older.

Colon polyps are formed in the lining of the colon and are composed of additional fabric.
Symptoms of polyps in the colon include rectal bleeding, bloody stools or black, iron deficiency, nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain.
Many people with colon polyps often do not experience any symptoms. The diagnosis of polyps in the colon involves a colonoscopy, a tomography computed from the colon and a flexible sigmoidoscopy.
A physical examination and a stool test can also be used to diagnose polyps in the colon.

To treat colon polyps, doctors use tweezers biopsy to remove the polyps during a colonoscopy or a sigmoidoscopy flexible.
An endoscopic resection of the mucosa is a procedure used to remove larger polyps. It is not known how to completely prevent polyps in the colon, but maintain a healthy weight, eat more fruits and vegetables and exercise can regularly help.
The National Center for Information on Digestive Diseases states that the Research suggests that calcium and vitamin D They can help prevent polyps in the colon.

Risk factors to develop polyps in the colon include being over 50 years old, having polyps in the colon before and having a history relatives of colon cancer or polyps, according to Healthline.
Another risk factor for women is having cancer of uterus or ovary before age 50

Certain behaviors that are believed to increase the risk of developing polyps in The colon includes infrequent exercise, a high-fat diet and smoking. People who are overweight or drink alcohol regularly also they have a higher risk.

Do Polyps Colon feel?

Often,people with colon polyps do not they can feel them at all, but they can cause pain and nausea, according to the Clinic May.
They can also cause feelings of tiredness and shortness of breath indirectly by causing anemia due to iron deficiency. Other possible symptoms include stool with blood, constipation or diarrhea.
Colon polyps are only lumps of cells that form on the inner surface of the colon, but there are several types with characteristics different, says the Mayo Clinic. The main reason why they cause concern is that they are associated with colon cancer.
Adenomatous polyps usually do not progress to cancer, but they make up the vast majority of malignant polyps. The serrated polyps vary in their risk of cancer according to its location, and those in the upper colon represent the greatest threat.
Inflammatory polyps are formed due to inflammatory conditions that damage the colon, but they do not represent a cancer risk.

Colon polyps are more likely to occur in people with conditions that include inflammatory bowel disorders, obesity, Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes.
Having more than 50 years and a family health history may also increase the risk of polyps in the colon. Genetic conditions that cause polyps in the colon include Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and the Gardener syndrome

How to prevent polyps colon?

Studies have shown that people who exercise regular, have fewer polyps in the colon.
Already 30 to 60 minutes of moderate exercise a day are enough to reduce the risk of polyps and colon cancer.
A balanced diet, consisting of abundant vegetables and fruits and is rich in fiber, protects against colon polyps.
Red meat should consume as little as possible.
Who controls their weight, do not smoke and drink only occasionally to a glass of wine or beer, can also counteract intestinal polyps.
In addition, all people should receive colonoscopy for the detection of cancer of the age of 55 years.

The colon polyp can be prevented by adopting a style of a healthy life.

We must stop smoking

Opt for moderate alcohol consumption

A diet rich in fiber and low in fatty foods.

Practice regular physical activity and weight control.

A balanced diet low in animal and rich fats is recommended in fiber (vegetables, fruits, whole grains).

Withdrawal from alcohol and nicotine helps reduce the risk of cancer.
With a family history or if polyps have already been diagnosed.
If they were removed, regular bowel exams (check-colonoscopy) are necessary.

Symptoms of Polyps Colon?

Most small polyps do not cause symptoms.
Often, people do not know they have one until the doctor finds it during a regular checkup or while trying something else.

However,some people do not have symptoms like the following:
anal bleeding(You may notice blood on your underwear or in the toilet paper after having had a bowel movement) constipation or diarrhea that lasts more than a week blood in the stool (blood stools may make it look black or it may appear as red stripes in the stool)
If you have any of these symptoms, consult your doctor to find out what is the problem, since you may have to be referred to a gastroenterologist.

The symptoms and signs are the result of bleeding of the polyp and may include:

Red blood mixed with feces

Red blood on the surface of the stool

Black stools

Weakness and dizziness

Fainting

pale skin

Diagnose Polypos Colon?

Colon polyps are diagnosed by endoscopic colonoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, barium enema and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Colon polyps are treated by endoscopic excision and occasionally by surgery. Follow-up surveillance of patients with colon polyps depends on the presence of a family history of cancer, the number of polyps that are found, the size of the polyps and the histology of the polyps, and can vary between three and ten years. Treatments to prevent polyps in the colon are being actively carried out.
Gastroenterologists can use a series of tests to check if there are polyps:

Digital rectal exam. The doctor wears gloves and checks the lower part of the rectum to detect polyps.
Barium enema. The doctor places liquid barium in the rectum, before to take an x-ray of your large intestine.
Barium makes the intestine look white in the images.
The polyps are dark in color, so they are easy to identify.
Sigmoidoscopy. This is an older technique, but sometimes It is used when the doctor can see the inside of the lower large intestine while the patient is under sedation.
The doctor places a thin, flexible tube in the rectum.
The device is called an endoscope, which is equipped with a video camera and light in miniature.
Gastroenterologists use the endoscope to see the latest third of the large intestine.
Colonoscopy. This test is similar to sigmoidoscopy, but allows the doctor to detect the large intestine at all using a endoscope.
This procedure requires sedation.

Colon Polyps Therapy?

Polyps, the doctor removed during the colonoscopy.
He uses special instruments that are inserted through the endoscope.
The tissue is then examined in a laboratory to see if it is benign or malignant.
Noting that the doctor that the patient already has cancer, which causes a treatment adequate, usually surgery.
Otherwise the researched a need colonoscopy at certain intervals be resubmitted because the polyps can develop again.
The time is usually ten years, but may vary individually.
Colonoscopy is used for the early detection of cancer, but also the provision.
Experts say that the risk of colon cancer can be reduced even in 90 percent when patients perceive the research and have been discovered and removed polyps.
For people with a higher risk of illness, such as close relatives With colon cancer, colonoscopy is recommended, under certain circumstances, even before the age of 55 years.

Types of Polyps in the colon?

Different types of colon polyps include polyps adenomatous, inflammatory polyps and hyperplastic polyps.
While most colorectal polyps do not develop in cancer almost all cancers of the rectum and colon begin with these polyps.
There is also the possibility that a person can inherit diseases that increase your risk of cancer.

How do colon polyps look?
Most colon polyps are protrusions of the lining of the intestine.
Polypoid polyps e look like a fungus, but they pile up inside the intestine because they are attached to the lining of the colon by a stem thin.
The sessile polyps have no stem, and are attached to the lining by a broad base.
Flat colon polyps are the least common type of polyp of colon, and they are flat or even slightly depressed. These can be difficult to identify because they are not as prominent as sessile or polypoid polyps with the commonly available methods to diagnose polyps.

Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps can be grouped, and while they do not usually become cancer, hyperplastic polyps located on the right side of the colon should be taken care of as soon as possible.
Adenomas, also known as adenomatous polyps, have the potential to become colon cancer.

Areas of abnormal cells known as dysplasia found in the lining of the rectum or colon can lead to development of cancer.
These abnormal cells are found more frequently in individuals with disease of Crohn's, ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel diseases.

There are specific risk factors associated with the An individual's chances of getting colon cancer.
These risk factors include type 2 diabetes, excessive use of alcohol, family history of colon cancer, cancer colon not hereditary polyposis, obesity, smoking and a diet rich in meats processed and red.

Colon cancer is more common in individuals who are over 50 years.

Symptoms for a visit to the doctor?

A person who is experiencing changes in their habits intestinal, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain such as pain or cramping by gas, weight loss without known cause, fatigue, blood in the stool or vomiting should go see your doctor.

These symptoms can often point to more serious colon problems, such as Crohn's disease and colon cancer.

Crohn's disease may also include a fever symptom and it can be diagnosed through blood tests and a physical examination. The Doctors can also ask for stool samples.
In some cases, the doctor will also have to perform a colonoscopy to rule out cancer Colonoscopy tests are considered the best forms to diagnose the disease.
Crohn's disease involves swelling and inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the small intestine.

Detect colon cancercan be found through a variety of tests that include a test of occult blood in stool, a sigmoidoscopy, a colonoscopy and an enema double contrast barium.
Colon cancer does not always show symptoms initially, so that patients presenting unusual symptoms should consult a doctor immediately since the disease may appear in later stages. As always, it is best to treat cancer as quickly as possible to avoid spread of the disease.
A patient who has had an intestinal polyp has a greater tendency to reshaping the polyps.
Therefore after the treatment inspections are recommended regular:
After removal of a polyp, in which the subsequent histological examination of cancer cells has shown a control should already after 6 months colonoscopy performed to detect a new, suspicious changes in the intestine Quickly and treat them accordingly.
In the control of the inconspicuous distances to the next larger colonoscopy. Read more about this in the chapter on colon cancer follow-up.
After the removal of the polyps without malignant cells that control Colonoscopy done after three years.
If the test is negative, controls are recommended every five years.

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